Purpose

The primary HTTP/HTTPS listener. It serves user-defined payloads keyed by URL pattern, hosts static assets, exposes a private JSON API, and can transparently provision Let’s Encrypt certificates via ACME-DNS-01. Every request produces an InteractionEvent so out-of-band HTTP reach-out from an application under test can be asserted against expected paths and headers.

Replaying captured requests (SSRF)

Every HTTP interaction can render a curl command that reproduces the captured request — method, target URL, all headers, and the body. Notifiers include it automatically: slack/discord add a Replay: code block, webhook adds a Curl JSON field, and app_log logs a curl attribute.

This is aimed at SSRF: when a vulnerable server is coerced into calling xodbox, the captured request often carries the headers, cookies, or cloud-metadata tokens the victim attached. Copy the generated command, swap the URL for the intended internal target, and re-run it from the CLI to inspect that service with the victim’s own request:

curl -X POST 'http://your-xodbox/x/beacon?id=1' -H 'Authorization: Bearer …' --data-raw '…'

The command is single-line for easy copy-paste and shell-safe (values are single-quoted); Content-Length is dropped so curl recomputes it.

Behaviour

• HTTP serves the bundled payload database (see payload_db_seed.go for the seeded set). Additional payloads can be loaded from a watched directory via payload_dir; changes are picked up via fsnotify and debounced into the database.
• HTTPS mode activates when tls_names is set; certmagic provisions certificates via ACME-DNS-01 against the configured dns_provider. Without dns_provider, HTTPS will fall back to HTTP-01 / TLS-ALPN challenges, which require port 80/443 reachability from the internet.
• Bot suppression: clients that exceed 30 requests in any one-minute bucket are marked as bots (model.IsBot) and have their subsequent events suppressed from notifier delivery (logged at WARN). The threshold itself is not configurable today. Loopback, RFC1918 private, and link-local sources are exempt from this suppression by default — they’re usually the operator testing or an internal SSRF callback — so a burst of local/internal traffic won’t silently mute your notifiers. Set bot_exempt_private: "false" to subject every source to bot detection.
• The private API (mounted at api_path) requires the header Authorization: Token <api_token> on every request. An empty api_token rejects all callers. api_token is deprecated in favour of the admin console’s user accounts and API keys (see below); setting it logs a deprecation warning at start-up.
• Embedded static assets ship at /ixdbxi/.
• An embedded admin web UI (React SPA + JSON API) ships in the binary and is served under ui_path — or on a separate admin_listener bind — behind session/API-key auth and a CIDR allowlist (see below).

Configuration

General

OIDC / SSO

Optional single sign-on for the admin console via any OpenID Connect provider (Google, Okta, Keycloak, Azure AD, Authentik, …). SSO runs alongside the built-in username/password login — an “SSO” button appears on the login page when oidc_issuer and oidc_client_id are set. See OIDC single sign-on below.

TLS / ACME

MDaaS (Malicious Daemon as a Service) cross-compile

These keys are baked into binaries served from the /build/<os>/<arch>/<program> route. Only useful when payloads request a build.

Admin web UI

The binary embeds a responsive React admin console (built with Vite + shadcn/ui, compiled into pkg/handlers/httpx/webui/ via //go:embed) plus a JSON admin API. It lets an operator log in and:

• view/edit/create/delete payloads,
• browse the Events log with filters (target, remote, handler) — the app persists interactions from every handler (httpx, dns, ftp, smtp, ssh, tcp, smb), so the log spans all protocols, not just HTTP,
• delete individual events (and their uploaded files) from the list or detail view, and delete individual uploaded files without removing the event,
• inspect an event’s detail with a one-click copy-as-curl — JSON bodies are automatically pretty-printed for readability,
• get a webhook-style view of every hit to a specific target path,
• watch the Events log and sink feeds update in real time — new interactions stream in live via Server-Sent Events (GET /api/stream, filterable by handler/remote/target/sink), no refresh needed,
• manage sinks — named, described slugs with a per-slug event feed,
• review detected bots,
• manage users and API keys, and rotate their own password,
• edit the server config with a structured editor that shows labelled fields, descriptions, and grouped sections for each handler/notifier type — including a one-click Enable OIDC / SSO button that pre-populates all the SSO fields.

Sinks

A sink is a named, described slug you embed in a payload (a URL path, a DNS label, a query value) to correlate out-of-band interactions. Creating a sink does not change what the honeypot captures — every path and name is already recorded — it labels and groups the hits so you can remember what a slug is for and review its whole feed in one place. An interaction belongs to a sink when the slug appears in its request_target (HTTP path, DNS qname) or its raw request headers (the request line + Host), so /<slug>, <slug>.your.domain, and ?x=<slug> all correlate. Deleting a sink leaves its captured interactions untouched.

Sinks are managed in the UI (create with an optional slug + description, then open one to see its events, newest first) and over the API — GET/POST /api/sinks, GET/PUT /api/sinks/{slug} (sink + event feed / update), DELETE /api/sinks/{slug}.

From the CLI (handy for scripting payload generation — only the slug is written to stdout, so it is clean to capture):

SLUG=$(xodbox sink add --description "prod SSRF beacon")   # random slug
xodbox sink add my-label --description "a named one"        # explicit slug
xodbox sink add --description "with alerts" --notify        # enable hit notifications
xodbox sink list
xodbox sink rm my-label

Each sink’s detail page has two copy controls: Copy slug (the bare slug, for embedding in a payload) and Copy HTTP link (the full <public_url>/<slug> URL a target would hit to land in the sink). Set public_url so the link points at the honeypot’s real address; without it the link uses the console’s own origin, which is only correct when the UI is mounted on the honeypot listener.

Sink hit notifications

A sink with notify enabled dispatches a notification through all configured notifiers whenever a new interaction matches its slug. The notification includes the sink slug, description, a link (<public_url>/<slug> when public_url is set in defaults), and the full event metadata (handler, remote IP, request target, raw data, curl replay when available).

Toggle notifications in the admin UI (the Notifications on/off button on a sink’s detail page, or the checkbox in the sink list), over the API (PUT /api/sinks/{slug} with {"notify": true}), or at creation time (--notify flag on the CLI, "notify": true in the POST body).

Sink-hit events bypass the notifier’s regex filter — enabling notify on a sink is an explicit opt-in, so the event is delivered to every configured notifier regardless of its filter setting. The filter string still has the shape SINK <slug> <original-filter-string> for logging/debugging purposes.

To include the interaction link in Slack/Discord/webhook notifications, add public_url to the defaults section of xodbox.yaml:

defaults:
  public_url: https://oob.example.com

Login notifications

Admin traffic normally produces no InteractionEvents. With notify_logins: "true", each successful admin-UI login is an exception: it emits an event so operators can be alerted when someone accesses the console. The event is recorded in the Events log (as an httpx LOGIN interaction targeting the username) and dispatched to notifiers. Its filter string has the canonical shape

HTTPX Login <username> from <ip>

so a notifier selects logins with a filter like ^HTTPX Login. Failed login attempts are not emitted (they are rate-limited and enumeration-resistant).

Serving the console

Choose one of two mount strategies:

• Same listener, sub-path: set ui_path (e.g. /admin). The SPA and its /api/* routes are served under that prefix on the main HTTP(S) listener, with an SPA fallback for client-side routes.
• Isolated listener (recommended): set admin_listener (e.g. 127.0.0.1:8443). The console binds there, fully separated from the attacker-facing port; ui_path is then ignored on the main listener.

Either way, access is gated by ui_allow_cidrs (evaluated against the real TCP peer IP) and authentication. Admin routes never emit honeypot InteractionEvents.

Authentication model

• Browser sessions: cookie-based, server-side session tokens (hashed at rest), HttpOnly + SameSite=Strict + Secure under TLS. State-changing requests require a double-submit CSRF token (X-CSRF-Token header echoing the xodbox_csrf cookie). Login is rate-limited and enumeration-resistant.
• API keys: send Authorization: Bearer xdbx_…. Keys are sha256-hashed at rest, compared in constant time, and shown in plaintext exactly once at creation. Bearer requests are CSRF-exempt.
• Passwords: bcrypt, 12-character minimum.
• Roles: admin (may manage users) and user.
• OIDC/SSO: optional; see below. SSO users authenticate against an external identity provider and never have a local password.

OIDC single sign-on

When oidc_issuer and oidc_client_id are configured, the login page shows an SSO button next to the password form (SSO and passwords coexist, so a misconfigured IdP can’t lock you out — a local admin can always sign in). The flow is standard Authorization Code + PKCE:

1. The browser hits /api/auth/oidc/login, which stashes a state, nonce, and PKCE verifier in short-lived cookies and redirects to the provider.
2. The provider redirects back to /api/auth/oidc/callback, which validates state, exchanges the code (with the PKCE verifier), verifies the ID token signature and nonce, and then provisions the user and issues the same server-side session cookie the password flow uses. Everything downstream (CSRF, requireAuth, API keys) is unchanged.

User provisioning is just-in-time. On first login a local account is created from the token’s claims (no password, so it can never be used for password login); the account is keyed by the token’s iss#sub, never by email, so a colliding email can’t take over an existing account. On every login the user’s role is re-synced from the current claims, so IdP group changes take effect immediately.

Role mapping. With oidc_admin_group set, a user whose oidc_groups_claim contains that value gets the admin role; everyone else gets oidc_default_role (default user). Manage further elevation from the Users page as usual.

Example (Keycloak-style issuer):

- handler: HTTPX
  listener: :80
  admin_listener: 127.0.0.1:9091
  public_url: https://oob.example.com
  oidc_issuer: https://sso.example.com/realms/corp
  oidc_client_id: xodbox
  oidc_client_secret: "…"
  oidc_redirect_url: https://oob.example.com/admin/api/auth/oidc/callback
  oidc_admin_group: xodbox-admins

Bootstrapping users (CLI)

Create the first admin before starting the server (there is no default account). API keys are then minted from the console.

xodbox user add alice --admin   # prints a generated password once
xodbox user list
xodbox user passwd alice        # reset a password (revokes active sessions)
xodbox user rm alice            # delete a user + their keys and sessions

Example config

handlers:
  - handler: HTTPX
    listener: ":80"
    admin_listener: "127.0.0.1:8443"   # console isolated from the honeypot port
    ui_allow_cidrs: "127.0.0.1/32,10.0.0.0/8"
    # ui_path: "/admin"                # alternative: same listener, sub-path

Filters

The entire HTTP request (request line + headers + body) is fed to the notifier filter regexps. To alert on a specific prefix:

filter: "(GET|POST|HEAD|DELETE|PUT|PATCH|TRACE) /myPrefix"

This would match:

• https://test.example/myPrefixexample
• https://test.example/myPrefix/example
• https://test.example/myPrefix/asdasd/asdasd/asd/as/d

And would not match:

• https://test.example/robots.txt
• https://test.example/asd/myPrefix/example

Operational notes

• Stop(ctx) shuts down whichever server pair Start booted: in HTTP mode, the single *http.Server; in HTTPS mode, both the ACME HTTP-01 challenge listener on :80 and the TLS listener on :443. The payload-directory watcher goroutine (if payload_dir was set) is also cancelled. ctx bounds how long in-flight requests have to drain. When admin_listener is set, its dedicated server is started in Start and shut down under the same Stop(ctx) drain.
• Sensitive operator keys (api_token, dns_provider_api_key) end up in the xodbox config file. Restrict that file’s permissions to 0600 and the running user.
• Admin passwords, session tokens, and API keys live in the SQLite database (hashed), never in the config file. Prefer binding the admin console to an isolated admin_listener and/or a tight ui_allow_cidrs so it is never reachable from the attacker-facing port.

Backlog

New features

• Let’s Encrypt Auto Cert
• Exfil data saver

Legacy functionality to be implemented

• robots.txt
• unfurly
• arbitrary json
  • b64
• redirect
  • b64
• basic auth
• breakfastbot
• allow origin *

Legacy functionality that isn’t specific to a handler

• alert pattern with payload
• alert pattern (alert patterns are part of notifiers, maybe we need to expose alert patterns based on handler type)
• slack hook (this is now a notifier)